Coffee Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Coffee - Essay Example Coffee has both negative and positive effects on our health and social well-being. Due to dependency of smoking and other drugs coffee was found to have a major association between its consumption and mortality rate. In addition to that, Boyle cautions that coffee causes blood pressure fluctuations and has adverse effects on lipids (119). Ethnographers recorded its usefulness in psychological healing by observing female Bosnian immigrants in Chicago. These women engaged in recollection of memories and socialized over a cup of coffee. Modern world was shaped by coffee, whose use led to the creation of public space: coffee houses, meetings and enhanced intellectual and physical vigor paved way for industrialization. Coffee production requires labor and tropical land. Coffee spread across the globe due to colonization. As a result, coffee spread to countries such as Indonesia, where the colonized served as cheap labor, and land was abundant. Today coffee is the second most traded commodity, with yearly revenue of over $15 billion. Around 26 million farmers globally produce each year mostly coffee Arabica. Rearing of coffee plants is environmental friendly, since coffee trees coexist with other plants and animals. Tropical areas harbor wildlife, whose species can at times only be found in these areas. However, there are insufficient areas covered by these plantations to offer a large enough habitat to the endangered species such as the ocelot. As a result, some organizations support these farmers through labels, i.e. produced in shade, distinguishing them from other producers who do not protect wildlife. Coffee promotes economic development to a large extent. For instance, Nicaraguan farmers for the first time in 1976 sold fair trade coffee in the United States: coffee bought directly from the farmers. For many Nicaraguan farmers coffee not only

Global Automobile Indusry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Global Automobile Indusry - Essay Example There are several automobile companies spread all over the world, in different continents and in distinct countries. Some of them are; Japan, Germany, Italy, France and the United States. These are the heavyweights who work in conjunction with other firms and certified dealers in the developed and still developing countries. Their job hence entails the assembling of parts to come up with a finished product. Some known names include, Toyota, Isuzu, Mercedes, Chevrolet, Citroen, Chrysler, Hummer and many more. The firms involved have put extremely large amounts of capital into the business. This is because, it takes serious investment and taking risks in order to realize good and stable profit margins. Too much work is done to maintain brilliance in this very competitive industry. Good arguments have been tabulated concerning the industrial and market aspects of globalization. Any given manufacturer tries to triumph his competitor using any means possible. Tactics which are applied tend to directly be against the opponent. (Lynch, 2008). The policies formulated have the primary aim of attracting customers, depending on demand, taste, economical growth and preferences. Taking the likelihood of activist groups taking to the streets, it then becomes important for the personnel involved to take into account environmental changes that are might take shape following introduction of their vehicles. In this case analysis, I find it rather important to at look Toyota Company Limited and Volkswagen. Toyota is fast growing and spreading, in fact it's to find their car models in almost the whole world and Volkswagen for being an ancient company that is still taking new shapes in relation to current and latest automobile model. Toyota is always trying to cater for those requirements that suit people of all walks of life. Citing example on the ever unstable crude oil and the resultant product's prices, they create less fuel consuming engines to cater for that economical allowance. Another more evident strategy used to fit in to the system is the variety in strength and capacity that their model can comfortably cope and manage in due time or over range of a given period. Networking with other industries is also an important aspect in order to win that continuity and confidence in customers and clients. It is then definitely a task earn to publicity and goodwill depending on the prevailing market-competitor state. Certain factors have to be considered in order to realize the goals the automakers have in relation to the industry, not forgetting competitors are many. They involve advertisement, marketing, research, public relations, community relations, employee relations, budgeting, evaluations and monitoring of their projects (Corcoran, 2008). It goes to further digging to know who amongst their competitors has connections in the agencies or Companies and their interests. This multinational vehicle company has all this data at its fingertips just incase they need to shift gears which will facilitate their smartness.

Compare and Contrast at least three of Fanthorpes poems Essay Example for Free

Compare and Contrast at least three of Fanthorpes poems Essay Fanthorpes poems: Half-past Two, Dear Mr Lee, and You will be hearing from us shortly offer us an insight into the views and thoughts of Fanthorpe, as well as making the reader think about their own preconceptions. She does this by making quirky and sometimes satirical poems, which seem almost like prose. Fanthorpes aims are unmistakable; her way of inviting the reader to look at life through her tongue-in-cheek writing makes people question their belief on the matter(s) that the poem explores. For example in Half-past Two the poet queries the strange idea of time. Adults see time as a number organised into a sequence that continues through out the day with out stopping. However in this poem Fanthorpe shows that children develop a different sense of time, almost like a dream world where time, as we know it, stops to exist. She also delves into the way that children see time as an event not a number, for example timeformykisstime. Likewise, in Dear Mr Lee, the poet disputes the way of teaching English, stating that the way teacher deconstruct and analyse poems makes it impossible for the piece to be appreciated for its face values. Similarly, You will be hearing from us shortly dissects the truth about interviews and the way that pressure in an interview can make the interviewee feel looked down on and prejudged. The poem is slightly satirical towards the end, but this only exaggerates the point that Fanthorpe is trying to convey. While under pressure, interviewees can hallucinate in a surreal manner. For example, And you were born-? Yes pity. Overall, the aims of all three poems suggest that Fanthorpe has some strong views about things we dont really see as serious issues but do affect people. Technique plays a big role in all of Fanthorpes poems, especially You will be hearing from us shortly, where the text aligned on the right indicates what the interviewer is thinking at that point in the interview. This is unique to Fanthorpes poems. Likewise in Dear Mr Lee irregular and haphazard line endings and even a P.S. in the poem contributes to the idiosyncratic nature of it. However in Half-past Two there are well-organised stanzas, typical of the common types of poem. Capital letters are used to exaggerate or highlight an important idea that Fanthorpe wants to be recognised, for example on Her desk represents the way the child imitates something said to him. Another variant from the norm in all three poems is the use of brackets or italic writing to represent either private thoughts or another voice. During the three pieces various voices are regularly used; the poet will do this to show either a different viewpoint or the words of a narrator. In the poem Half-past Two voices are used extensively to represent what the child was thinking, what the teacher said and also the narrating. During Dear Mr Lee there seems to be no arrangement in the text at all, however it does resemble a prose letter. However, looking more closely, the poem seems to represent the childs feelings about teaching methods. Voices in this poem seem to consist of the childs thoughts and her teachers remarks. However in You will be hearing from us shortly the only voice is of the interviewer(s). I imagine Fanthorpe does this so that the reader can add in his or her own response to the observations of the interviewer. Fanthorpes style is very prose-like and the colloquial nature invites the reader into a new dimension of humour. The register in all three poems is varied, for example in Dear Mr Lee goes from, youd know its lived with me, stained with Coke and Kitkat too, good at terse and cogent. This varied approach to the poem may be due to the different voices that Fanthorpe puts in. All three poems especially contain a satirical and sarcastic tone, and towards the end of You will be hearing from us shortly there is an almost surreal and dreamy feel to the tone. However all the poems, as well as having humour and tongue-in-cheek style, also harness a serious intention. For example in You will be hearing from us shortly, even though it is quite funny, the way you can be looked down on in as an interviewee is a prejudice. For example the interviewer says And now a delicate matter: your looks. Do you appreciate this work involves contact with the actual public? This is clearly is meant to be a realistic event so that Fanthorpe can insight the reader to believe that prejudice does happen. Generally all the poems are very well written, however close analysis reveal even more about the poets way with words. In Half-past Two the last stanza is a brilliant description of the way that a child can slip into the clockless land of ever, and time hides waiting to be born. This end fraction of the poem portrays the childs dream world and how there is no time until the child is taught how to read time and it is then that time, as adults know it is born. In You will be hearing from us shortly the poet could not only be referring to the way that interviewers look upon interviewees, but how candidates assume surreal events will occur in the interview. For example it is very unlikely that an interviewer would comment on the very existence of an interviewee. During Dear Mr Lee Fanthorpe takes on the role of a child and doesnt tell the reader she has done this but instead writes like one. She achieves this by having no indents, no punctuation, random line lengths, no rhythm or rhyme and no paragraphs. For example there is not one full stop until the forty-ninth line. Writing like a child makes the reader think that the poem is being told by a child. To conclude, the three Fanthorpe poems looked at in the Essay help us to understand the way that Fanthorpe regards incidents happening in the world today. It also uses a colloquial tone that provides a jovial piece to read as well as getting a serious point through. All in all the prose-like texts let the reader enjoy an idiosyncratic and meaningful set of poems.

Robotics Essay -- essays research papers fc

Robotics The image usually thought of by the word robot is that of a mechanical being, somewhat human in shape. Common in science fiction, robots are generally depicted as working in the service of people, but often escaping the control of the people and doing them harm. The word robot comes from the Czech writer Karel Capek's 1921 play â€Å" R.U.R.† (which stands for "Rossum's Universal Robots"), in which mechanical beings made to be slaves for humanity rebel and kill their creators. From this, the fictional image of robots is sometimes troubling, expressing the fears that people may have of a robotized world over which they cannot keep control. The history of real robots is rarely as dramatic, but where developments in robotics may lead is beyond our imagination. Robots exist today. They are used in a relatively small number of factories located in highly industrialized countries such as the United States, Germany, and Japan. Robots are also being used for scientific research, in military programs, and as educational tools, and they are being developed to aid people who have lost the use of their limbs. These devices, however, are for the most part quite different from the androids, or humanlike robots, and other robots of fiction. They rarely take human form, they perform only a limited number of set tasks, and they do not have minds of their own. In fact, it is often hard to distinguish between devices called robots and other modern automated systems. Although the term robot did not come into use until the 20th century, the idea of mechanical beings is much older. Ancient myths and tales talked about walking statues and other marvels in human and animal form. Such objects were products of the imagination and nothing more, but some of the mechanized figures also mentioned in early writings could well have been made. Such figures, called automatons, have long been popular. For several centuries, automatons were as close as people came to constructing true robots. European church towers provide fascinating examples of clockwork figures from medieval times, and automatons were also devised in China. By the 18th century, a number of extremely clever automatons became famous for a while. Swiss craftsman ... ...ng time. Research into developing mobile, autonomous robots is of great value. It advances robotics, aids the comparative study of mechanical and biological systems, and can be used for such purposes as devising robot aids for the handicapped. As for the thinking androids of the possible future, the well-known science-fiction writer Isaac Asimov has already laid down rules for their behavior. Asimov's first law is that robots may not harm humans either through action or inaction. The second is that they must obey humans except when the commands conflict with the first law. The third is that robots must protect themselves except, again, when this comes into conflict with the first law. Future androids might have their own opinions about these laws, but these issues must wait their time. Bibliography Buckley, Ruth V. "Robot." Grolier Electronic Publishing, Inc. 1993. Gibilisco, Stan. The McGraw-Hill Illustrated Encyclopedia of Robotics and Artificial Intelligence. McGraw-Hill, Inc. New York, 1994. Warring, R. H. Robots and Robotology. Tab Books Inc. Blue Ridge Summit, Pa. 1984. And various sites on the internet.

Degree Appraisals Essay

General Electrics’ Durham, North Carolina assembly employees have a unique work environment in which they build the GE90 jet engine for Boeing. The 9 engine build teams consist of approximately 18 employees who own the entire process of assembling some 10,000 parts perfectly to create one complete engine assembly. The teams are self managed, doing everything from ordering parts and tools to scheduling vacation and overtime. The success of the teams comes from their founding method of agreement by consensus decisions making. In fact, the consensus decision making process has become a way of life to many of these employees, and management decisions are only needed about 12 decisions per year. Although employees don’t always have unanimous agreement, there is seldom any blame when things go wrong because of their strong trusting relationships. This type of consensus management has instilled a high level of trust relationships among the team members and their superiors. These self-managed teams operate in a culture of continuous feedback and rely on management to make them aware of problems and report solutions. Beyond the day-to-day decisions making, any major issues, such as safety and cost, are decided by a task force. The plant manager informs and educates the task force and employees about the problem and why it is important, and the task force decides how to address problems. The task force takes the responsibility to find solutions and decisions are reporting back to plant management on what the future solutions will be. These solutions and decisions made by the task force are communicate to the plant manager and then on to the higher-ups for their buy in. The Plant Manager Paula Sims, who has been on the job 4 years, has proposed to HR that she would like initiate a 360-degree review to supplement existing performance  measures. Ms. Sims’ proposal is met with some concerns from HR, it is assumed that HR has concerns that implementing a new system without a consensus decision will breakdown trust with the employees and limit the willing participation if the 360 review were to be implemented. Root Problem The root problem with Ms. Sims proposal is that the implementation goes directly against the culture of consensus agreement on making decisions for the teams and the plant. Since this would be considered a major change, it should be brought to a task force for review and solution, or at minimum be brought to the attention of all employees. In the past, Ms. Sims has experienced issues of missed trust with the assembly teams and this direct approach with HR for the implementation a new performance measure stands to have an equally negative effect. Alternative Ideas In order to address the root problem, HR would like to propose some alternative ideas to Ms. Sims proposals that could include awareness of GE corporate use general of 360 degree performance measures in other locations. Investigations on the benefits from other GE plants should be presented to employees to gain a better understanding and buy-in of the proposal. Knowing the culture of feedback that exist within the plant, Ms. Sims could call for a task force to investigate the benefits of 360 degree feedback and make a direction decision on the use of 360 degree appraisals. In consideration of alternative ideas, Ms. Sims should consider approaching the employees and HR by providing factual information about the value of peer reviews. For example, â€Å"research shows that appraisals by peers are useful predictors of training success and future performance† (Jackson, S.E., Schuler, R.S., & Werner, S., 2012). Additionally, since the GE employees are team-based units, it is also been shown that anonymous peer appraisals in teams increase interpersonal effectiveness, group cohesion, communication openness and group satisfaction (Jackson, et al, 2012). Furthermore, she could gain more leverage by stating the success of the peer reviews in other GE facilities, as real life inter-company example. The last alternative is simply do nothing and keep the current system as it is without a 360 degree review. Considering Ms. Sims determination to implement the new appraisal, she should consider a trial basis with a one the nine teams as a test bed  from training implementation and use of the 360 review. As multiple alternatives have been presented, a closer evaluation of each proposal is the necessary to derive the what is believed to the best alternative. 1. Awareness and Buy-in – this alternative looks at bringing awareness to the 360-degree appraisal as a supplemental appraisal by providi ng factual information on the benefits of the program at GE’s jet engine plant. Awareness makes buy-in easier when at the end of the day, you allow the teams to make a decision by consensus on the implementation of the new peer review. 2. Empowered team decision – this alternative simply turns the information and decision back to the team and task force. This alternative is the most cohesive alternative and aligns well with the culture of the company. 3. Trial basis – this alternative assume Ms. Sims pushes her idea forward and assumes she will be met with some resistance during the implementation phase. In this case focusing on a smaller beta test group proves to be easier to manage and create buy-in with when the results show positive improvements. 4. Status Quo – this alternative assumes that nothing is done, no implementation is agreed upon and the current performance measures stay in place without a 360-degree appraisal. Choose an Alternative & Implementation In an effort to maintain the strong trusting relationships that exist at the various levels of team members and management, it is recommended that the alternative proposal of â€Å"awareness and buy-in† be selected and acted upon. Implementation of this plan will begin with Ms. Sims collecting and presenting data from both internal GE resources and external resources to show the benefits of supplementing the current performance appraisals with a 360-degree peer review. Next Ms. Sims must work directly with HR to plan an appropriate training period and plan in conjunction with the roll out of information to the 9 assembly teams. This portion of the preparation should include the consideration of one group to be the test bed or beta group for evaluation purposes. Once the information is presented to all the employees, an internal task force should be commissioned to evaluate the information provided by Ms. Sims for the purpose my allowing the continuance of the consensus culture . There are a multitude of options this management team has in considering the addition of the new peer review. However,  allowing the teams and/or special task force to make the decision on their own and continue to feel the sense of ownership is paramount in the implementation phase of the proposal. Therefore it is recommended that after the beta group is selected and effectively trained, HR and Ms. Sims must monitor the effectiveness of the raters over an initially shorter period of time for the appraisals to take place. This step will be for the purpose of training and evaluation. Based the results from the six months data collection and feedback from the Beta group, Ms. Sims and HR will determine if further training is needed, if the employees are seeing value in the productivity and performance improvements as a result of using the 360 degree appraisals. If the results are positive the information will be shared with the task force and all employees for further implementation and training, beyond the beta group. Reference Jackson, S.E., Schuler, R.S., & Werner, S (2012). Managing Human Resources (11th edition)., Mason, OH: South-Western

The Muslims Of Medieval Italy By Alex M Essay - 1499 Words

The Muslims of Medieval Italy by Alex Metcalfe Less than two hundred years after the death of the prophet Muhammad the rule of Islam had spread from the Arab Peninsula to Italy after the Roman Empire had crumbled away; eventually it spread all the way to Iberia. The book The Muslims of Medieval Italy by Alex Metcalfe focuses on the Muslim-Christian dynamic and the respective ruling entities by examining the chronological timeline of events and more cultural history of the dynamic in the region. The first half of the book is more obviously focused on the chronological explanation of events and delving into the reasons for why things happened the way they did. As the book progresses, it noticeably starts to focus on the more cultural†¦show more content†¦There is an examination of Agrigento in its disputes and how the leadership functions. When the Kharijites overthrow the Fatimids in North Africa. This gave the rebellion of Palermo a backdrop to start an insurrection which wa s led by the Banu I-Tabari. The Byzantine resurgence of 960’s caused a sparing between the remaining Christian city-states. The book takes some time to explain urban development in the region as well as the trade, commerce, and the economy. The book moves into a description of civil war and the ta’ifa period. The restructuring of the army in Sicily and ‘Ali’s ibn Ja’far unsuccessful revolt. The Byzantines started several attempts to reclaim parts of Italy. In roughly 1038 George Maniakes launches the Byzantine campaign to reclaim Sicily. Though the forces eventually split, this weakened Muslim Sicily for the coming Norman invasion. The Normans rolled across south Italy in the 1060’s where they eventually made allies with the Ibn al-Thumna so that they could launch a campaign to take Sicily where they were successful. The Muslim resistance final pitched battle on Sicily was that of the battle of Misilmeri which was followed by the fall of Musl im Palermo in 1072, bringing about Muslim surrender and a new era of Christian rule for the region. The book continues with a glimpse into the Muslim community under early Norman rule relating to religion andShow MoreRelatedManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 PagesCapital Feigenbaum−Feigenbaum International Management, Sixth Edition Hodgetts−Luthans−Doh Contemporary Management, Fourth Edition Jones−George Driving Shareholder Value Morin−Jarrell Leadership, Fifth Edition Hughes−Ginnett−Curphy The Art of M A: Merger/Acquisitions/Buyout Guide, Third Edition Reed−Lajoux and others . . . This book was printed on recycled paper. Management http://www.mhhe.com/primis/online/ Copyright  ©2005 by The McGraw−Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reservedRead MoreMarketing Management130471 Words   |  522 Pagesmarketing course? State yes or no? justify your answer. 7.References: 1. Milestones of Marketing by George Burton Hotchkiss, The MacMillan Company, New York, 1938, page vii 2. Dictionary of Marketing Terms from marketingpower.com. 3. Zinkhan, George. M; Carlson, Les: Green Adversting and the Reluctant Consumer, Journal of Advertising, 1995 4. Kilbourne, William E: Green Advertising: Salvation or Oxymoron, Journal of Advertising, 1995 5. Banerjee, Subhabrata: Gulas, Charles S; Iyer, Easwar: Shades ofRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 PagesWadsworth Publishing Company, which is owned by Cengage Learning: There is a great deal of coherence. The chapters build on one another. The organization is sound and the author does a superior job of presenting the structure of arguments. David M. Adams, California State Polytechnic University These examples work quite well. Their diversity, literacy, ethnic sensitivity, and relevancy should attract readers. Stanley Baronett. Jr., University of Nevada Las Vegas Far too many authors

Re-Interpreting Internet Activism A Study of Its...

With the increasing number of protests mobilised through social networks, the Internet is coming to be seen either as a force of liberation or as the new generation’s â€Å"cyber-utopia†, creating unfounded optimism and hopes of emancipation. The former view claims that social networks play a key role in shaping debates about protests and in spreading democratic ideas around the globe (especially in the case of Arab Spring).The latter view advocates that the role of internet has been exaggerated in the narratives of these protests because the very working class which fuelled the revolution did not have access to these technologies. This view suggests that it is not Facebook or Twitter that has brought about these revolutionary changes but†¦show more content†¦Considering the political climate and the nature of public participation before and after the advent of internet activism, this paper suggests that there is a strong correlation between the nature of the state (comprising of the ideologies of the regime and its people), internet activism and its outcomes. Drawing from theoretical frameworks and linking it to incidences of digital age protests around the world, this paper argues that the question of internet activism contributing to the evolution of the process of public participation can be answered holistically only if the nature of the state is taken into account. Middle East It is with the Arab Spring that the advent of internet activism was acknowledged worldwide. For the first time, the internet was used in mass mobilization of the citizenry To illustrate further, in countries like Egypt and Tunisia, citizens have made effective use of social networks to catalyse the revolution. The success of the Egyptian revolt should also be attributed to the lack of opposition from the military and the elite (who succumbed under the social and economic pressure) in addition to theShow MoreRelatedAnnotated Bibliography: Plagiarism39529 Words   |  158 Pagesï » ¿Plagiarism Bibliography Buckwalter, J. A., Wright, T., Mogoanta, L. and Alman, B. (2012), Plagiarism: An assault on the integrity of scientific research. J. Orthop. Res., 30:  1867 1868. Granitz, N. and Loewy, D. (2007). Applying Ethical Theories: Interpreting and Responding to Student Plagiarism. Journal of Business Ethics, 72(3), 293-306. Luke, B. and Kearins, K. (2012), Attribution of words versus attribution of responsibilities: Academic plagiarism and university practice. 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This separation of ownership from control in the corporate form of organization is what causes agency problems to exist. Management may